Session 5: How CHROs are Helping to Transform Their Organizations Through AI

RRA AI CEO Lab

 

Update introduction to: We brought together CHROs from a range of industries, including telecommunications, medical devices, and manufacturing, to hear how their organizations were actively piloting, adopting, and implementing AI technology. Here is what we learned.

Three key takeaways from our conversation with CHROs whose organizations are actively piloting, adopting, and implementing AI technology.

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The exponential change curve of AI creates risks of not moving fast enough

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Reskilling / upskilling talent is a moral imperative

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Organizations need to break the “shame cycle” around AI

 

 

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Doing nothing, perhaps due to fear of the unknown, is the worst thing to do. The winners will get involved quickly, make mistakes quickly, and learn quickly.”

CEO attendee
RRA x HBS AI CEO Labs

 

 

Key lessons from CHROs whose organizations are actively adopting AI

Our attendees shared the opportunities, challenges, and lessons they had faced when implementing AI across their organizations.

 

Lesson 1: The change curve of AI is now exponential

The group discussed the vast change that AI will bring to organizations—and how it would reimagine business models. Professor Tsedal Neeley at Harvard Business School shared how companies need to think about AI in terms of radical change, rather than incremental change. “It’s not about tweaking existing systems; it’s about creating new systems, processes, and structures,” she said. “In five years from now, our organizations will look very different.”

CHROs spoke about the velocity of changes that AI is bringing. One shared: “The pace and rate of change has never moved as fast as it is now. The things we discussed 12 months ago are already irrelevant, and the change curve is exponential.” Another added: “AI might have been around for 20 years, but the next generation of this technology is a fundamental shift that will impact our products, the nature of the workforce, and the way we work.”

All attendees focused on the downsizing of mundane or routine tasks, from admin tasks to customer services, to software development, to Marketing, with the introduction of co-pilot being a fairly ubiquitous starting point. One CHRO pointed to artists and software engineers as the two most disrupted functions, being able to perform their roles significantly faster than before.

With the opportunity that comes from being able to radically re-imagine the organization at scale comes the risks of not keeping pace with competitors. One CHRO shared how AI was “not another fad,” adding that the biggest risk was getting left behind. “AI isn’t a bolt-on. This is changing the business model, breaking the data silos, and rewiring everything … Doing nothing, perhaps due to fear of the unknown, is the worst thing to do. The winners will get involved quickly, make mistakes quickly, and learn quickly.” Another added that accessing talent would be critical to keeping pace. “Without it, we can’t scale or innovate as fast as we want.”

 

 

Where AI thrives—and stumbles

In 2023, Karim Lakhani,  a professor at Harvard Business School, launched a joint research study with Boston Consulting Group that looked at whether AI could tangibly improve the productivity and efficiency of elite knowledge workers. The study of 758 BCG consultants found that:

  • Consultants who used AI were 25% faster and completed 12% more tasks than those who weren’t using AI tools. The impact wasn’t just felt from a speed perspective—the study also found that 40% of the group using AI also yielded higher-quality results.
  • Consultants who were deemed below-average performers benefited most from AI augmentation—with an increase of 43% in performance. However, above-average performers also noticed a 17% boost in performance by using AI.
  • There was a fall in performance when it came to using AI to complete complex tasks, such as the triangulation of financial data in a spreadsheet that contained errors or analyzing a retail strategy using interview notes. In these scenarios, consultants were 20 percentage points less likely to produce correct solutions compared to those who were not using AI.

 

 

Lesson 2: There is a moral imperative to reskill and upskill talent affected by AI

It was accepted that while every technological revolution has eventually created more jobs than it had axed, AI will radically change the shape of some organizations and talent needs. The group discussed how early AI adoption is often more about augmentation, rather than replacement. “There are plenty of things that AI needs humans for,” one CHRO said. The group discussed how leaders needed to pay constant attention to the experiences of their teams as they interact with AI in their roles, and accept that although productivity may increase, the cognitive load of employees’ remits while leveraging AI won’t necessarily decrease.

However, the group also recognized that AI would inevitably reduce workforces. One CHRO shared: “There will be redundancies due to AI for people at all levels. We have a moral duty and societal responsibility to re-skill, upskill, and support people into new careers.”

As part of this conversation, there was a high level of empathy, and a communal agreement that re-structured talent should be given every opportunity for agency, support, and reskilling. Some approaches included supporting people into new careers, and supplementary skills training. One CHRO also shared how they had offered voluntary redundancies with 120% severance in an effort to increase empathy around AI transformation.

 

 

The Four Types of Employee Responses to Digital Transformation

An excerpt from The Digital Mindset: What It Really Takes to Thrive in the Age of Data, Algorithms, and AI by Paul Leonardi and Tsedal Neeley.

We recommend a deceptively simple adoption framework that we have used to help leaders at many companies to influence people’s behaviors so that they are motivated to engage with a change program that requires learning new skills:

Do I have buy-in such that people believe digital transformation will be beneficial for them and the organization? And can I learn what I need to in order to succeed in this transformed organization?

Mapping the answers to these two questions produces four types of responses you’ll typically see and suggests what you need to do to make transformation successful.

The good news is that leaders and managers can move individuals from one quadrant to another.

To shift people from oppressed or indifferent to inspired, you first must increase buy-in by helping everyone believe that learning digital competencies is good for them and their organization.

Three factors are crucial to promote buy-in:

  • Increase messaging from leadership that stresses the importance of digital transformation as a new and critical frontier for the company.
  • Launch internal marketing campaigns to help employees imagine the positive potential of a company powered by digital technology.
  • Promote a shift in people’s identities; that is, encourage people to view themselves as contributing members of a digital organization.

After establishing buy-in, leaders can shift individuals from frustrated to inspired by boosting confidence in their capacity. Three factors contribute to people’s confidence in learning digital skills:

  • People’s past experience with digital technologies—whether it was through education, employment, or work—tends to give them the confidence they need to succeed in this task.
  • Vicarious experiences of others, including peers and managers, influences beliefs in one’s own capabilities.
  • Persuasion and encouragement from managers and executives promotes confidence in employees.

 

 

Lesson 3: Breaking the “shame cycle” around AI understanding

The conversation also touched on the transformation of leadership roles and the necessity of building trust and connectivity within the executive team to facilitate meaningful change. This is about a mindset shift. Tristan Jervis, co-leader of RRA’s Technology Practice, explained that while AI transformation needs to be led by the CEO, CEOs very much still need a cabinet of leaders around them who could help deliver change, at scale, including CHROs. It was discussed how C-suite leaders did not have to become deep experts in AI, but have a level of fluency where they could understand the scale of the opportunity, how and where to deploy AI, and how to enact change management across the organization.

Professor Tsedal Neeley shared how two issues typically cause inertia around technology transformation. “First, shame—from those who don’t know anything about AI. Second, feeling overwhelmed—often in the belief that you have to know it all.” Breaking through these barriers—both across leadership teams, the board, and across the wider organization will be critical to accelerating AI adoption and implementation. “When people don’t understand a new technology, especially senior leadership, they get overwhelmed because they think they need to know the entire ecosystem of AI. They don’t.”

The quickest way to break this shame cycle is to adopt the 30% digital fluency rule [see box] as quickly as possible, which will improve engagement and innovation around AI, and encourage teams to share ideas, experiment together, and fail fast.

 

 

The 30 Percent Rule

An excerpt from The Digital Mindset: What It Really Takes to Thrive in the Age of Data, Algorithms, and AI by Paul Leonardi and Tsedal Neeley.

A digital mindset is the set of approaches we use to make sense of, and make use of, data and technology. This set of attitudes and behaviors enable people and organizations to see new possibilities and chart a path for the future.

And here’s the good news: you only need about 30 percent fluency in a handful of technical topics to develop your digital mindset. We call this the 30 percent rule.

To understand the 30 percent rule, think about learning a foreign language. To demonstrate mastery of the English language, a nonnative speaker must acquire roughly 12,000 vocabulary words. But to be able to communicate and interact effectively with other people in the workplace, all they need is about 3,500 to 4,000 words—about 30 percent of what it takes to achieve mastery.

In practical terms, a nonnative speaker does not need to master the English language to work effectively with others. Similarly, to work effectively with a digital mindset, you don’t need to master coding or become a data scientist. But you do need to understand what computer programmers and data scientists do, and to have proficient understanding of how machine learning works, how to make use of A/B tests, how to interpret statistical models, and how to get an AI-based chatbot to do what you need it to do.

 

 


 

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